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flower mantis
Flower mantises are those species of praying mantis that mimic flowers.〔() www.environmentalgraffiti.com: 15 Incredible Flower Praying Mantis Pictures〕 Their coloration is an example of aggressive mimicry, a form of camouflage in which a predator's colours and patterns lure prey.〔Wickler, 1968.〕 Most species of flower mantis are in the family Hymenopodidae. Their behaviour varies, but typically involves climbing a plant until they reach a suitable flower, and then staying still until a prey insect comes within range. Many of these mantises have deimatic displays to startle or put off potential predators.
Many species of flower mantis are popular as pets.
==Behaviour==
The orchid mantis, ''Hymenopus coronatus'', of southeast Asia mimics a pink orchid flower. It remains motionless on the flower spike until prey arrive; the same camouflage also protects it from predators.〔Gullan and Cranston, 2010. p 370.〕 In his 1940 book ''Adaptive Coloration in Animals'', Hugh Cott quotes an account by Nelson Annandale, saying that the mantis hunts on the flowers of the "Straits Rhododendron", ''Melastoma polyanthum''. The nymph has what Cott calls "Special Alluring Coloration" (aggressive mimicry), where the animal itself is the "decoy". The insect is pink and white, with flattened limbs with "that semi-opalescent, semi-crystalline appearance that is caused in flower-petals by a purely structural arrangement of liquid globules or empty cells". The mantis climbs up and down the twigs of the plant until it finds one that has flowers. It holds on to these with the claws of its two rearmost pairs of legs. It then sways from side to side, and soon various small flies land on and around it, attracted by the small black spot on the end of its abdomen which resembles a fly. When a larger dipteran fly, as big as a house fly, landed nearby, the mantis at once seized and ate it.〔Cott, 1940. pp392-393.〕 More recently (2015), the orchid mantis's coloration has been shown to be an effective mimic of tropical flowers; and it has been demonstrated to attract pollinators (as if it were a flower) and then to catch them.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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